Fuck, misclicked downvote (wanted to upvote). Really great how HN does not allow changing votes at least once. Sorry for that, but yeah good point.
Nowadays one or a few phone numbers are unique to you, which makes it linkable to other things. Linkability is something that breaks privacy, so if you don't want your full name to be known somewhere, it is important to be able to keep things separate. When your phone number goes public (e.g. resumé and snapchat), that anonymity is broken.
I strongly disagree that your street address being linked to your name is the same as your pseudonymous snapchat username being linked to your cell phone number.
I think the point is that we expect our phone numbers to identify us in the real world but don't expect them to point to our handles online. If I use the same username on Snapchat that I do for something embarrassing like, say, my tumblr, someone who knows me IRL can look me up and find my more private online presence. This is just as real an issue as the reverse scenario in which Internet stalkers find out my phone number or something.
Now generally it's advisable to use a unique handle (or your real name) for a service so closely tied to a piece of real life identification like your phone number, but I don't think a lot of people do it.
at some point people started thinking that mobile phones somehow need to be more personal than land lines.
In the specific case though, it's as if you had already asked to be removed from the phone book (implicitly trusting the company), and then your number was published anyway.