Parent is not talking about the percentage of photons that are translated into charge, but about the amount of charge that can be held on a given area during exposure without saturating & spilling over to surrounding pixels. Deeper electron wells with the same amount of readout noise would increase the dynamic range of the image; I don't see how we can deduce that this was the stated benefit from the article though, or how that benefit could even be recognized given the early stage of the technology.
Same thing. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_efficiency