In an ideal world these inventions would be licenced freely, on a non-exclusive basis. In fact they are tied up in exclusive licences to gougers and patent trolls. For shame NASA

Never heard of this before... Links, facts, examples perhaps?

Many of the Government labs do this. LLNL is notorious for exclusive licences. NASA as well. https://techportal.eere.energy.gov/lab/LLNL https://www.nasa.gov/ames-partnerships/opportunities/licensi...

Major partners will only sign the exclusive licences. Small players the lesser ones. The government prefers the major players